“And the issue of whether and when young kids understand
the persuasive nature of advertising is relevant to the decision
of some European countries (e.g. Sweden, Norway) and one
Canadian province (Quebec) to ban or restrict advertising
aimed at kids below the ages of 12 or 13. That seems a tad
overprotective. A skeptical view of advertising likely occurs
well before that age, all the more so, apparently, if one has
older siblings.”

Exactly, even children (older than 8) are aware that advertising
is designed to manipulate. Which is why advertising does not
turn people into zombie automatons going out and buying whatever
they are told to buy.

Nevertheless, companies do spend billions on advertising
precisely because they know it works. Not on everyone at
all times, but enough to justify spending billions.

As the brand versus slogan study shows, if obvious methods
(slogans) are used, then people put their guard up. But is more
subtle methods are used (logos), then people are suckered.

“Effects of reducing television viewing on children’s requests
for toys: a randomized controlled trial.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11437193

“The sneaky and unconscious part is that people were not aware
that the ads had influenced them. When the adults were asked why
they were eating, they typically reported they were just hungry.
As with Bargh’s other research, people were not aware that their
behaviors had been primed by their recent experiences. People were
eating without awareness that the ads were causing them to eat.
One possible mechanism is that the pleasure associated with eating
presented in the ads primed eating behaviors in general. Thus even
if people do not remember which products were advertised, the ads
will affect their behavior. In my previous blog, I argued that beer ads
are often a failure because people can’t remember which brand of beer
was advertised (or at least I can’t, see Beer, Humor, and Memory).
But what if that isn’t the goal? What if the goal is sneakier? What if
the goal is simply more beer consumption? In that case, the ad may
be effective. People watching those ads may drink more. Junk food
and beer ads may increase consumption. The particular product then
gets its regular share of that additional consumption. The ad may be
effective even when not remembered.”

http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/mental-mishaps/201008/sneaky-commercials-the-unconscious-way-tv-makes-you-eat

“However, ads also do other things. One thing they do is to take
a product and to put it next to lots of other things that we already
feel positively about. For example, an ad for detergent may have
fresh flowers, cute babies, and sunshine in it. All of these things
are ones that we probably feel pretty good about already. And repeatedly
showing the detergent along with other things that we feel good about
can make us feel good about the detergent, too. This transfer of our
feelings from one set of items to another is called affective
conditioning (the word affect means feelings). The people who went
through the affective conditioning procedure picked the pen that was
paired with positive items 70-80% of the time. They chose this pen,
even though they had information that the other pen was better.
Over the two studies in this paper, the authors found that people
chose the pen that was paired with positive objects even when people
were given as much time as they wanted to make a choice, and even when
the instructions specifically encouraged them to pick the best choice
and to say why they were choosing a particular pen.”

http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/ulterior-motives/201008/what-does-advertising-do
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